S2 Biology — Body Systems and Reproduction revision page
Overview
Use this page for revision before the in-class written test on Body Systems and Reproduction. The main goal is to practise using the Practice Test Pack and improve your extended responses.
- ⏱️ 30 minutes
- 🟦 5 multiple choice
- ✍️ 15 extended response
Tip: extended response questions score best with short, clear scientific sentences using key words.
How to use this page (best for this test)
Your aim is simple: use the Practice Test Pack to find what you don’t know yet — then fix it.
✅ The best routine (20–25 mins)Do this 3×
- 10 mins: do a section of the Practice Test Pack (no notes).
- 5 mins: mark it and highlight missing key words.
- 5 mins: use the KO / PowerPoint to fix the weak bits.
- 2–5 mins: rewrite 2 “perfect sentences” for the topic you missed.
⏱️ One timed run (30 mins)Once
- MC first (5–7 mins): collect the easy marks.
- Extended response (20–22 mins): one clear point per mark (use key words).
- Final check (2 mins): add missing terms (e.g. alveoli, capillaries, peristalsis, zygote).
Resources (use these to improve your Practice Pack score)
Start with the Practice Pack. Use the other links only to fix mistakes and learn key words.
⭐ Practice Test Pack (draft) MAIN RESOURCE
Do this first. Mark it. Fix mistakes. Re-attempt.
Practice Questions extra practice
Shorter questions to build confidence before the pack.
📚 Learn / recap (PowerPoints)Use to fix mistakes
🧠 Core revision (key words)Quick memory
🔎 Further reading (BBC Bitesize)Optional
Perfect sentences (extended response quick marks)
Learn these patterns. In the test, write clear points using the key words.
Skeletal systemfunctions
- The skeleton supports organs and gives the body shape.
- Bones protect delicate organs and provide muscle attachment for movement.
- Bone marrow produces blood cells.
- Tendons connect muscle to bone; ligaments connect bone to bone.
Respiratory systemgas exchange
- Gas exchange happens at the alveoli where oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves the blood.
- Alveoli have a large surface area, thin moist walls and a good blood supply.
- When you inhale the diaphragm contracts and the chest expands; exhaling is the reverse.
- Carbon dioxide test: limewater turns cloudy.
Circulatory systemheart + vessels
- The heart is a muscle that pumps blood around the body.
- Arteries carry blood away from the heart and have thick walls; veins return blood and have valves.
- Capillaries are one cell thick for exchange of oxygen, nutrients and wastes.
- Valves stop blood flowing backwards.
Digestive systemperistalsis
- Digestion changes large insoluble food molecules into small soluble molecules that can be absorbed.
- Peristalsis is muscle contraction that pushes food through the oesophagus.
- Enzymes speed up digestion; bile helps break down fats.
- Most nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine; water is absorbed in the large intestine.
Reproduction + fertilisationzygote
- Sex cells in humans are sperm and egg.
- Ovulation is the release of an egg (about every 28 days).
- Fertilisation is fusion of the sperm nucleus and egg nucleus to form a zygote.
- The zygote travels to the uterus and implants in the uterus wall.
- The placenta allows exchange of oxygen/food/waste; the umbilical cord connects baby to placenta.
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